Earthquake - Tsunamis Disasters - TimeLines of Liberty

TimeLines of Disaster

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Hurricanes - Earthquakes - Tsunamis - Volcanoes

Ancient Times to the 1800s
Ancient Events - 1700s - 1800s

21st Century - 2001 - 2011 - 20th Century - 1900 - 2000

Ancient Events - 1700s - 1800s
About Earthquakes - Earthquake Safety - Earthquake Legends
About Tsunamis - Tsunami Safety - Tsunami Legends

71,000 BC + 4000

Indonesia
quake

An 8.5 quake was generated by the Toba supereruption between 69,000 adn 77,000 years ago.

226 BC
? Deaths

Greece
quake

An earthquake in the area of Rhodes, Greece destroys the city of Kameiros and the Colossus of Rhodes.

373 BC
? Deaths

Greece
quake

The first accurate description of an earthquake was in Strabo's Geography. He tells of a city, Achea that had slid into the sea from the earthquake. Achea is thought to be near where Helice is today.

BC & AD Demarcation - Before Christ & Anno Domini (Latin: 'Year of our Lord' for the current era)

63 AD
? Deaths

Italy
quake

An earthquake hit the city of Naples in Italy as Emperor Nero sang his vocal concert debut. Without disturbance Nero continued singing until finished.

63 AD
? Deaths

Italy
quake

Inthe year 63 the Romans experience an earthquake in Pompeii that destroyed the Herculaneum as well as half the city. Oblivious to a possible sign, they rebuilt their cities to have Herculaneum and Pompeii buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius sixteen years later.
See Volcanoes 79 AD

365 AD
50k Deaths

Greece
quake

An earthquake in the area of Knossos, Crete kills 50,000.

365 AD

Libya
quake

An earthquake occurs in Cyrene, Libya.

526 AD
250k Deaths

Syria
quake

On May 20th an earthquake at Antiochia, Syria kills 250,000 people.

844 AD
50k Deaths

Syria
quake

Damascus, Syria is shaken by a quake that kills 50,000 people.

847 AD
50k Deaths

Iraq
quake

50,000 die in an earthquake that rocks Mosul, Iraq.

847 AD
70k Deaths

Syria
quake

The death toll in a quake that shakes Damascus, Syria is 70,000.

856 AD
200k Deaths

Iran
quake

An earthquake in 856 AD occurred in Qumis, Damghan, Iran killing 200,000 people.

856 AD
45k Deaths

Greece
quake

45,000 are killed in Corinth, Greece by an earthquake.

893 AD
82k Deaths

Caucasus
quake

82,000 people die when a quake shakes Caucasus.

893 AD
180k Deaths

India
quake

Daipur, India is rocked by a quake that kills 180,000 people.

893 AD
150k Deaths

Iran
quake

An earthquake on March 23rd in Ardabil, Iran kills 150,000 people

1038 AD
23k Deaths

China
quake

An earthquake in Shansi, China in 1038 killed 23,000 people.

1042 AD
50k Deaths

Syria
quake

In Palmyra, Baalbek, Syria a quake kills 50,000 people.

1138 AD
230k Deaths

Syria
quake

230,000 are killed in a quake that rumbles Ganzah, Aleppo, Syria.

1170 AD
15k Deaths

Italy
quake

An earthquake hits Sicily in Italy in 1170 and kills 15,000 people.

1191 AD
? Deaths

Shemakha,
Caucasia
(Azerbaijan)
quake

A quake hits the ancient city of Shemakha, Caucasia in 1191. So destructive was the quake that government functions were transferred to Baku.
Shemakha (Shamakhi) was a city near the Caucasus Mountians now within the borders of Azerbaijan. Caucasia included the mountains and takes in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, southern Russia and possibly a part of northern Turkey. The city is now the capital of the Shamakhi Rayon (District) in Azerbaijan.
See 1667, 1859 and 1902

1201
Deadliest
Ever 1100k

Syria
quake

In upper Egypt or Syria an earthquake killed one-million-one-hundred-thousand people.

1268 AD
60k Deaths

Turkey
quake

60,000 are killed by an earthquake in Cilicia, Anatolia (Turkey).

1290 AD
100k Deaths

China
quake - 6.7

100,000 are killed in a 6.7 September 27th earthquake in Chihli, China.

1556
Deadliest
in Recorded
History.
830k Deaths

China
quake - 8.0 est.

Estimated at a magnitude 8.0, an earthquake kills 830,000 in Shensi, China on January 23rd. Many peasants live in manmade caves in the cliffs that were destroyed in the quake.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1667
8k Deaths

Turkey
quake - 8.0

In Anatolia Turkey a magnitude 8.0 quake hits Anatolia Turkey on August 17th, killing 8000.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1667
80k Deaths

Shemakha,
Caucasia
(Azerbaijan)
quake

A quake hits the ancient city of Shemakha, Caucasia in November, killing 80,000 people.
Shemakha (Shamakhi) was a city near the Caucasus Mountians now within the borders of Azerbaijan. Caucasia included the mountains and takes in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, southern Russia and possibly a part of northern Turkey. The city is now the capital of the Shamakhi Rayon (District) in Azerbaijan.
See 1191, 1859 and 1902

1692
3.5k Deaths

Jamaica
quake

On June 7th, Port Royal in Jamaica is hit with a large quake. More than 2,500 people were killed. Fissures appeared all over the Islands. Port Royal had slid into the sea. 1000 addional people died from injuries and desease.

1693
60k Deaths

Sicily
quake

In 1693 a quake hit Catania, Sicily killing 60,000 people.

1693
93k Deaths

Italy
quake

An earthquake in Naples, Italy in 1693 killed 93,000 people.

1700s

1700

1700

Cascadia
.
quake - 9.0
tsunami

What is called the Cascadia Earthquake occurs on January 26 with a magnitude of 9.0. No written records were kept by the inhabitants but Japanese records show a tsunami that could only be explained by considering the Cascadia Earthquake. Native American legends place the quake from northern California to Vancouver Island.
Quakes 9.0+: 1700, 1952, 1960, 1964, 2004 & 2011

1755

1755
100k Deaths

Portugal
quake - 8.7

3rd Deadliest Tsunami
60,000 Deaths

On November 1st, All Saints' Day, an 8.7 earthquake hits Lisbon, Portugal. Over 100,000 people are killed overall . 85% of the buildings, including Cathedrals, churches, great stone palaces collapsed crushing 30,000 people. 20,000 people died in the fires that followed. 40 minutes after another large quake hit and killed 1000s more destroying most of the remaining buildings. The Quake was felt over a third of Europe and much of north Africa. A military barracks collapsed killing 500 in Luxembourg, 1000 miles away and 10,000 died in Morocco from the tremors and tsunami. Of the toll 60,000 died, in the 50 foot tsunami that hit the coast line.
Quakes 8.5 - 8.9: 1755, 1896, 1906, 1920, 1950, 1965, 2005, 2007, & 2010
6 deadliest tsunamis: 1755, 1883, 1908, 1960, 2004 & 2011

1755

Philosophy
Study
quakes

The Portugal quake of 1755 caused philosophical thoughts about a 'just and harmoniously ordered universe' to be questioned causing many philosophers to begin taking on a new 'questioning attitude'. Out of the philosophical considerations the study of earthquakes began. The first scientific inquiries on studying earthquakes was began by Marquess de Pombal of Lisbon, Portugal. John Mitchell, an English physicist created the first theories of wave motion while studying the effects of earthquakes throughout Eruope.

1780

1780
200k Deaths

Iran
quake

On February 28th an earthquake kills 200,000 in Iran.

1783
61k Deaths

Italy
quake

On February 4th An earthquake hit Calabria in Italy. About 61,000 people were killed. 30,000 died from collasping buildings with aftershocks, tsunamis,desease, famine, and fire killing another 30,000. Hundreds had been rocked into fissures or that opened under them to be shot out by geysers of hot gaseous mud; burns crippled the survivors.

1797
41k Deaths

Ecuador
quake

On February 4th an earthquake at Quinto, Ecuador kills 41,000 people.

1800s

1811

1811
? Deaths

Missouri
quake - 8.1

The New Madrid Earthquake is an 8.1 est. On December 16th followed by other quakes between January 23rd and February 7th 1812. New lakes were formed as large areas of land sank. The Mississippi River overturned boats and changed it course as new lakes formed, due to the quakes. The Quake qas felt as far as Boston and rang bells in Virginia. Although minimal, the damage would have been greater today with the substantially larger population and development.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1812

1812

Missouri
quake - 7.8

Following the massive quake in December a 7.8 earthquake again hits the New Madrid Fault on January 23rd.

1812

Missouri
quakes - 8.0

A magnitude 8.0 quake hits the New Madrid Fault on February 7th.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1823

1823

Hawaii
quake - 6.8

A 6.8 earthquake hits south of Kilauea Island , Hawaii on June 2nd.

1836

1836

California
quake - 6.5

The San Francisco Bay region is hit on June 10th by a 6.5 quake.

1838

1838

California
quake - 6.8

In June San Francisco Peninsula is hit by a 6.8 quake.

1843

1843

Arkansas
quake - 7.9

The Marked Tree quake in Arkansas on January 5th was 7.9, on the not yet invented Richter scale.

1857

1857

California
quake - 7.9

On January 9th A 7.9 Quake runs along the San Andreas fault from Parkfield to Wrightwood.

1857
11k Deaths

Italy
quake - 6.9

In Naples 11,000 are killed by a 6.9 quake on December 16th.

1859

1859
? Deaths

Azerbaijan
quake

A quake hits the area of Shemakhi District in Azerbaijan in 1859 and the destruction caused a transfer of the Shamakhi government center to Baku.
See 1191, 1667 and 1902

1865

1865

California
quake - 6.5

At 6:46 PM on October 8th a 6.5 quake hits San Jose, California.

1868

1868

Hawaii
quake - 7.9

77 are killed on April 3rd in a 7.9 quake at Hilea in southeast Hawaii.

1868
25k Deaths

Peru
quakes

On August 13th a number of earthquake hit southern Peru killing 25,000 people. $300 million in damages occured at Arequipa, Tacna, and Chincha.

1868
30 Deaths

California
quake - 6.8

In a 6.8 quake 30 die in Hayward, California on October 21st.

1871

1871

Hawaii
quake - 6.8

Molokai, Hawaii experiences a 6.8 earthquake on February 20th.

1872

1872
60 Deaths

California
quake - 7.6

The Lone Pine Quake in Owens Valley, California was 7.6 killing 60 people on March 26th. Over the next three days 1,000 aftershocks occured.

1872

Washington
quake - 7.3

A 7.3 quake occurs in the North Cascades in Washington territory on December 15th.

1873

1873

California /
Oregon
quake - 7.3

On November 23rd off the coast of California and Oregon an earthquake is estimated to be 7.3.

1875

1875
16k Deaths

Venezuela / Columbia
quake

On May 16th an earquake rocked Venezuela and Columbia. 16,000 people were killed.

1883

1883
36k Deaths

Indonesia

4th Deadliest Tsunami
36,000 Deaths

A tsunami is triggered by the collapse of the caldera on Krakatau Island during the volcanic eruption in August 1883. Coastlines of Sumatra and Jave in Indonesia were flooded with giant waves as hight as 140 feet. The tsunami traveled over 4,000 miles from Krakatau Island. 165 villiages were destroyed killing 36,000 people.
6 deadliest tsunamis: 1755, 1883, 1908, 1960, 2004 & 2011

1886

1886
110 Deaths

S. Carolina
quake - 7.3

A 7.3 est. quake killed 110 people when it hits on August 31st at Charleston, South Carolina. Aftershocks continued over the next year or so. Damages reached $5 million. Sub-surface activity between the mantle and the earth's crust creating stresses, is believed to be the cause of this quake.

1890

1890

California
quake - 6.3

On April 24th at 11:36 an earthquake hitting Corralitos, California is estimated at 6.3.

1891

1891
7.3k Deaths

Japan
quake - 8.0

Mino-Owari in Japan is shaken on October 28th by an 8.0 eathquake that kills 7,300.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1891

Study
Quakes

Survivors of the 1891 quake in Japan was interviewed by scientist B. Koo. He discovered the land had slipped along a 60-mile-long line as much as 40 feet. Koo was the first to challenge the belief that faults were created by quakes, proposing that faults were instead the cause.

1892

1892
1 Death

California
quake - 6.4

A 6.4 quake kills one person on April 19th in Vacaville, California.

1892

California
quake - 6.4

Winters, California feels a 6.4 quake on April 21st.

1894

1894

Argentina
quake - 8.0

An 8.0 quake hit the San Juan province of Argentina on October 27th. This was the most powerful quake in Argentina's recorded history.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1895

1895

Missouri
quake - 6.6

A 6.6 quake on October 31st dances the nerves in Charleston, Missouri.

1896

1896

Japan
quake - 8.5

On June 15th an 8.5 quake hits Sanriku, Japan.
Quakes 8.5 - 8.9: 1755, 1896, 1906, 1920, 1950, 1965, 2005, 2007, & 2010

1897

1897
1.5k Deaths

India
quake - 8.3

1,500 people are killed by the 8.3 Great Assam Quake, in India on June 12th. Reports vary substantially on the death tolls, with one saying 'a negligible death toll.'
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

1897

California
quake - 6.3

The Calaveras fault in California is shaken on June 20th by a 6.3 earthquake.

1898

1898

California
quake - 6.3

Mare Island, California is hit by a 6.3 quake on March 31st.

1898

California
quake - 6.8

A 6.8 quake shakes up Mendocino County, California early on April 15th.

1899

1899
-0- Deaths

Alaska
2 quakes - 7.9 - 8.0

On September 3rd and 10th at Displacement Bay and Yakutat Bay, the largest vertical surface displacement caused two large quakes in the uninhabited areas, The September 3rd quake was a 7.9 maginitude with the September 10th quake having been a magnitude 8.0. The Yukatat Glacier had slid uphill. Huge chuncks of ice from the Hubbard Glacier fell into the bay. The Muir Glacier, 150 miles away, had shattered and began to retreat.
Quakes 8.0 - 8.4: 1556, 1667, 1811, 1812, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1920, 1933, 1938, 1939, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1957, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009

TimeLine of Disaster
Earthquakes - Tsunamis

Ancient - 1800s
Ancient Events - 1700s - 1800s

21st Century - 2001 - 2011 - 20th Century - 1900 - 2000

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